The Breach of Human Rights in Nigeria by Police - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1664 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Tags: Human Rights Essay Did you like this example? CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Human rights loosely refer to moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of human behaviour, and are regularly protected as legal rights in national and international law.[1] In the words of Udombana[2], human rights are claims which an individual makes against or on society deliberately by virtue of his humanity. These rights are contained in various municipal and international instruments. These laws are based on certain fundamental principles relating to the promotion of human survival, prevention of harm, promotion and sustenance of human dignity, and the enhancement of human development thus giving prominence at global, regional, and national levels. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Breach of Human Rights in Nigeria by Police" essay for you Create order These principles recognise the basic concept that peace and security of life and property are the primary conditions for progress and development of any society.[3]Consequently, the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria asserts that the security and welfare of the people shall be the primary purpose of government.[4]It can be inferred from this provision that every other purpose of government is secondary. All over the world, the principal agency given the responsibility of internal peace and security of nations is the police. The police are considered the most visible symbol of any governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s power and authority and the primary enforcer of its laws, and the instrument of social control in the hands of those who are managers of the State.[5] In relation to this, the 1999 Constitution provided that: There shall be a Police Force for Nigeria, which shall be known as the Nigeria Police Force, and subject to the provisions of this section, no other po lice force shall be established for the Federation or any part thereof.[6] In order to maintain order and enforce the law, the police are endowed by the Constitution and laws with enormous powers of surveillance, arrest, investigation, search, seizure, interrogation, detention, bail and prosecution.[7]The operation of the Nigerian police is endowed with wide discretion in the law enforcement process. This includes, when and how much force is to be used, when to arrest, whom to search and whom not to, etc.[8] In consonance with the provisions of the Constitution, powers and duties were conferred on the Police by the enactment of the Police Act [9]which empowers the Police among other things with the duties of: Prevention and detection of crime; The preservation of law and order; Apprehension and prosecution of offenders; Enforcement of all laws and regulations with which they are directly charged; Performance of military duties within or outside Nigeria as may be required by them or under the authority of the Act or any other Act; and Protection of life and property.[10] While these powers are aimed at enhancing security and development in the society, it has become a very great threat to democracy, development, human well-being and human rights due to its discretionary nature. The police in the current Nigeria are at the forefront in breaching the rights of citizens which they are supposed to protect thereby limiting the sanctity of human life, human dignity, human freedom and rights. In other words, the power has become an instrument of oppression and exploitation because they are not regulated and lack all form of accountability whatsoever. This research will focus on the breach of human rights in form of torture and extrajudicial killing in Nigeria by the police and suggest the way forward in protecting innocent citizens from the fangs of police brutality. 1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Torture has been a subject of major concern in Nigeria. However, the rate of extra judicial killings in recent times has increased drastically. Reports have shown the wide spread disregard for human rights in the police force. Amnesty International reported that in 2010, hundreds of people were killed in police custody.[11] The Nigeria Police Force is responsible for hundreds of extrajudicial executions, unlawful killings (e.g. torture to death while in detention) and enforced disappearances each year. The families of the victims usually have no recourse to justice as many of such cases go uninvestigated and unpunished. Many do not even get to find out what happened to their loved ones as police tell the families that they were transferred to another station or released on bail without any documentation to show for it. The Chapter IV of the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria sets out the fundamental human rights of the citizens of the Nigeria. The provisions of the Constitution are clearly against torture and killing and promote the right to life. Also, Nigeria has long ratified the several UN instruments on Human Rights, such as Universal Declaration on Human Rights, United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment since the 28th of June, 2001, but the impact is yet to be felt by the general public. 1.3RESEARCH QUESTIONS In this research work, the questions that come to mind and would have received illumination by the end of this work are; What exactly is the role of the Nigeria police To what extent is torture prevalent in Nigeria What is the state of arrest and detention practice in Nigeria Whether there is in existence any form of rehabilitation scheme for torture victims What exactly is the state of documentation and reporting of extrajudicial killings and torture 1.4AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The aim of this work is to create awareness to the Nigerian citizens that they have rights even when in police detention and also suggesting possible reforms that can bring about a change to the current practice by the Nigerian police. It is my aim that this project will reach out to the appropriate authorities and strike a chord for change. It is trite fact that where there is knowledge, there is an opportunity for improvement. At the end of the study, it is desired that the following issues should have to a reasonable degree received illumination: Systematic torture in police and other centres of detention. Arrest and detention practices. State of Human Rights Training in the Nigeria Police Force and other officers in- charge of detention facilities in Nigeria. Internal Control of the Nigeria Police Force. State of Institutionalised mechanism for compulsory autopsy of all deaths in custody. State of rehabilitation services, care and treatment for torture victims by the State. State of reporting and documentation of all cases of Torture and Extra Judicial Killings Possible reform in the Nigeria Police Force, Prison Service and Other Law Enforcement/Detention Agencies 1.5SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY Public confidence is an important tool for effective policing. When police commit torture, murder, and other crimes, they belittle the public confidence so essential to ensuring public safety and security. A culture of criminal policing and permeating corruption by police personnel promotes lawlessness and fosters an increased sense of insecurity. This research will be carried out using information drawn from various legislation, case law and official reports, as well as secondary materials, including newspaper articles and reports by governmental, intergovernmental, and nongovernmental organisation on the subject matter in various states within Nigeria. Spatially, this study is not limited to any particular era or point Nigeriaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s in history; it studies the growing pattern of heinous practices by the Nigeria police force against the Nigerian citizens. 1.6LIMITATION OF THE STUDY In compiling this work, reference will only be made to various newspaper articles, legislations, case law and reports by governmental, intergovernmental, and nongovernmental organisations despite the fact that I would have loved to get first-hand information from torture victims or a relative of someone who has been killed extra judicially. However, this lack is funded by the well-founded fear of police reprisal in the hearts of various police torture victims and relatives with good information. 1.7RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The method of data collection employed for this research is the doctrinal method. It involves the harnessing of information from existing materials (legal and non-legal); which include reported cases, journals, reports and articles. 1.8OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS Extrajudicial Killing Extrajudicial killing refers to any execution of person(s) by the state or other official authority via any of its agencies other those carried out in conformity with the law. Also, an extrajudicial killing can be said to be the killing of a person by governmental authorities without the sanction of any judicial proceeding or legal process.[12] Torture The infliction of intense pain to the body or mind to punish, to extract a confession or information, or to obtain sadistic pleasure.[13] Rights Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention or ethical theory.[14] [1] Wikipedia [Internet]. c2014. [cited 2014 Nov 24]Available from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights. [2] Udombana, Nsogurua J, (2014)Lecture On Human Rights, 8th October. [3] Arase SE, Iwufor I, (2007) Policing Nigeria In The 21st Century. 1st Ed. (Ibadan): Spectrum Books Limited. [4] Section 14(2) (b), Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, (CFRN) 1999 [5] Lokulo-Sodipe JO, (2011) The Role of the Nigerian Police in the Protection of Citizensà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Rights to Life and Human Dignity in Nigeria. 6. U.I.J.P.B.L. p. 96-97. [6] Section 214(1) [7] Alemika EO, Chukwuma IC, editors. (2003) Police Accountability in Nigeria: Framework and Limitations, Civilian Oversight and Accountability of Police in Nigeria 47 (Abuja): University of Jos, Centre for Law Enforcement Education and Police Service Commission. [8] Alemika EO, (2010) Enhancing Police Accountability System in Nigeria: The Missing Links, Enhancing Police Accountability System in the Nigeria Police Force. 7 Abuja (AB): Cleen Foundation. [9] (Cap C38) Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 2004 [10] Section 4 of the Police Act (Cap P. 19), Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (L.F.N.), 2004. [11] Amnesty International Report. (2011) Unlawful Killings and Enforced Disappearances; The State of the Worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Human Rights. [12] Wikipedia [Internet]. c2014. [cited 2014 Dec 27]Available from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing. [13] Garner BA, editor, (2009) Blackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Law Dictionary 9th Ed. Texas (TX): Thomson West. 1528 p. [14] Wikipedia [Internet]. 2014. [cited 2014 Dec 27] Available from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights.

Developing a Website for an Online Game as a Distribution Channel for Term Paper

Essays on Developing a Website for an Online Game as a Distribution Channel for Purchasing Games, Shopping Mall and an Interactive Platform for Gamers Term Paper The paper â€Å"Developing a Website for an Online Game as a Distribution Channel for Purchasing Games, Shopping Mall and an Interactive Platform for Gamers† is a  spectacular example of term paper on information technology. Advancement in technology has altered life as we know it. Technology is seen and supported as a –must-have a tool that enhances efficiency, accuracy, and competence. Technology has significantly influenced how modern society and businesses operate which includes how people work, react, socialize, transact, trade, interact, communicate, entertain, spend their spare time, how they acquire knowledge and skills and their perceptions on the real world (O’Connell Groom, 2010, p.13). Technology has shrunk the world into one global village where people from vast distances and varied cultures are practically neighbors, business associates, and social friends by a click of a button.As earlier indicated, technology has impacted how people play, socia lize, entertain and spend their spare time. This has more so been realized by development of virtual spaces and virtual games where people irregardless of their age, gender, religion, race, ethnicity, nationality, educational status, health status, sexual orientation and cultures are able to escape from real-world chaos, frustrations and pressures and enter into a virtual world and develop new identities and personas, which are referred to as alter egos or avatars as noted by O’Connell Groom (2010, p.13).  Ã‚  Due to popularity of the online virtual spaces and virtual gaming which seems real and more fun for modern individual, it provides a diverse platform for marketing these games by capitalizing on the vast population who log into these spaces, by effectively and efficiently meeting their virtual needs in order to enhance volume of sales and increase the profit margins. This is particularly lucrative as the avatars have sustained engagement with the brand as indicated b y Hemp (2006, pg.3). This forms the basis of this report which is to propose an effective website for marketing an online game.Target marketVirtual worlds provide its users with escapism where they are able to live in an alternate reality where their underlying human desires, thoughts, and hopes which they cannot fulfill in real-world; they are able to (Heilesen Jensen, 2007, p.189). In virtual worlds, they are able to control the outcomes and participate in their own personalized reality shows, which they cannot do watching a reality show through the TVs.Running a successful online game business requires a substantial amount of resources and incorporation of varied variables such as goals of the product, people, an effective business environment, the right marketing strategies and processes among others. The main influencing factor to the success of an online game is selecting the right target market in order to design and package an online gaming product that effectively meets th eir needs, expectations, wants, preferences and wishes or desires in this case as suggested by Hemp (2006, pg.4).The target market for the online game is both the virtual persona or avatars and their creators- real person operating in the real world. The product- online game, seeks to target people aged from the age of nine to forty five, male or female who seeks to experience new realities ranging from conquering conquests for men, participating in fashion shows and becoming sex icons or beauties for women, to becoming heroes and heroines in cartoon characters for children and living the life of celebrities and entertainment icons for teenagers.

Corporate Governance Leadership Public Companies

Question: Describe about the Corporate Governance Leadership for Public Companies. Answer: Introduction According to Rezaee (2009), corporate governance is the relationship between different role players in a company which includes the board of management, shareholders and directors that influence the running of a company and determine its performance. The Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) plays a pivotal role to ensure that the systems and framework of rules that govern public companies together with the management of the corporations are underpinned by integrity and notions of good practice. Why were the ASX Recommendations Introduced and Issues they Were Meant to Overcome overcome? According to Wang and Oliver (2009), the inception of the recommendations was ignited by the periodic company failures precipitated by notorious accounting inconsistencies and ethical megaflop. Abidin and Kamal (2009) suggest that other causes that fueled the inception of the recommendations is the recurrence of cases where the directors negligent fail to monitor the functioning of the company while other board members are oblivious about their obligations towards the shareholders of the company. The need to demonstrate good governance practices has been said to emanate from the market forces rather than mere legal sanctions. What Roles do ASX Recommendations play? The ASX thus ensures effective and corporate governance to promote investor confidence and improve firm governance. The recommendations by ASX which are voluntarily rather than mandatory according to Christensen et al. (2010) have the moral imperative of recommending idiosyncratic corporative governance practices for entities that are listed at the ASX, which meet reasonable expectation of most investors. They have helped to create value through innovation and provide accountability and development of board evaluation process in the control systems. It is imperative to note that hey have also reflected an innovative change in the management of companies given the tailored solutions it has established. They also ensure that the disclosures made by the companies are made timeously so that the public can have the material facts on its material price and value of its securities. To maintain competent and quality directors who have the required skill and expertise, the recommendations ser ve to ensure that the directors are remunerated fairly and responsibly. The recommendations ensure that the board of directors in the companies adds value to the company while they act with the highest degree of work ethic. By 2004, it was apparent that improving the control and management of public companies was not the sole role of the recommendations on governance principles. Good governance recommendations have gone further assist in attracting capital in the global market while they also immensely influence the cost of capital in the market. They have also ensured that the directors of the company have the requisite competence and understanding to deal with emerging issues in the economy, which has assisted in reducing the risks that are exposed to shareholders while improving the performance of the companies (Spanos 2005). Recently, it has been argued that the application of these governance principle recommendations has enhanced the economic health within the country (Arjoon 2005). Application of the Recommendation on Corporate Governance to Small Private Companies: The Challenges The principles of governance and recommendations have been argued to be preferentially applicable to large public entities in most instances. However, the same is hardly applicable to small private companies because the management structure is relatively small. It has been argued that the governance principles should be standardized to fit the small private companies .The recommendations have been said to fit in the complex management of public listed companies that require high level of disclosure. The checks and balances together with accountability related issues are easy to manage within the company and thus the governance principles lack a suitable function within small private companies. Suffice to say, the running of the small private entities is based on an impregnable trust among friend family and in fewer circumstances supplier (Corbetta and Salvato 2004). This makes the application of the recommendations to small private entities actions a legal quandary. Most family businesses are run based on the wishes of particular members of the family. It may be an uphill battle to apply the governance principles to family business bearing in mind that some of personnel in the management may lack the compentence required in running a business and they are in most instances not ready and willing to accept academic inputs. (Krappe, Goutas and Schlippe 2011) On the other hand, the private companies are usually run by one director required by law. This poses a challenge in applying the complex recommendations to directors of a company. The tasks and duties of the director are less compared to the duties that are bestowed on the several directors in large listed companies. Sole directors of a companies can also are motivated by the self confidence and in most instances they trust their competency and skills and so it becomes difficult for them to apply the governance principles. Most private small entities are run and managed by the owners of the business who fail to view the entity from a governance lense (Brown and Beekes 2011). Owners of such small firms are normally in reluctant and timorous to consider external factors that will enhance the management of the company. They have defined visions and goals for the business that may not be parallel to the visions of the recommendations of good governance. According to Clarke and Klettner (2010) private companies are exposed to less risk which may not have a devastating effect on the running company. Therefore, the small companies do not have an onerous task to deal with risk management issues and there the recommendations on governance objective of ensuring proper risk management will not be entirely applicable to them. Conclusion The recommendations on the principles of good governance are paramount for the success of companies. Small private companies should also embrace these recommendations to ensure growth and expansion of their business. It has been argued that there are family businesses that are so large and play a significant role in the global economy. It is through the enhancement of good governance practices that they were able to grow and expand their business. It is thus advised that the small private entities should embrace them to. In Australia, it is recommended that the principles on good governance should not be left to be voluntary but rather they should be given a mandatory force by legislation to prevent fraud cases that have been rampant in companies. Bibliography Abidin, Z Kamal, N 2009, Board Structure and Corporate Performance in Malaysia, International Journal of Economics and Finance Arjoon, S 2005, Corporate governance: An ethical perspective, Journal of Business Ethics Brown, P, Beekes, W, 2011, Corporate governance, accounting and finance: a review. Accounting finance 51 (1): 96-172. Christensen, J, Kent, P, Stewart, J,2010 , Corporate Governance and Company Performance in Australia, Australian Accounting Review Clarke, T Klettner, A, 2010, Governance Issues of SMEs, Journal of Business Systems, Governance and Ethics Corbetta, G, and Salvato, C, 2004, The board of directors in family firms: One size fits all?, Family Business Review 17(2): 119-134 Krappe, A , Goutas, L, and Schlippe, A. (2011) The Family Business Brand: An Enquiry into the Construction of the Image of Family Business. Journal of Political Economy, Rezaee, Z 2009, Corporate Governance and Ethics, John Wiley Sons, Inc.USA. Spanos, L 2005, 'Corporate Governance in Greece: Developments and Policy Implications', Corporate Governance vol 5 Wang, Y Oliver, J 2009, Board composition and firm performance variance: Australian evidence; Accounting Research Journal

Their contribution during world war one was the main reason why the majority of women gained the right to vote in 1918 How valid is this view free essay sample

Before 1918, women were considered to be very much within their own sphere of influence separate from men. Throughout the 19th century women had slowly been gaining voting privileges, but only in areas considered to be within their spheres such as the vote for school boards, the vote for poor law boards and the vote for county councils. Traditionally many historians have argued that the main reason for the enfranchisement of women in 1918 was their work during world war one. This view is being disputed on multiple levels; some argue that the war itself called for a rearrangement of the whole electoral system. Alternatively other historians argue that the work of the womens suffrage workers such as the suffragists and the suffragettes, who campaigned for womens rights throughout the 19th century, was the most significant factor in gaining the vote for women. Womens contributions during world war one significantly contributed to the cause for the enfranchisement of women. During world war one, women occupied the jobs of the men fighting in the army. Women worked in positions such as public transport operators, such as bus and tram drivers, night wardens and munitions factory workers. Traditionally the view has been that this work during the war was the main cause for the enfranchisement of women, as stated by Asquith himself, however now this view is being disputed. Bartley argues against this due to the fact that in 1918, the vote was only awarded to wealthy women over the age of thirty, despite that it was primarily working class women who did these jobs during the war. Additionally, Bartley argues that working class women had always filled these positions so a sudden recognition of this would be unlikely to be the reasoning behind awarding the vote to women. Bartley also argues that men resented women filling their positions whilst they were fighting overseas and they were quick to kick them out of these positions once they had returned. Rover argues that the work of women during the war was very significant but not in the areas Asquith was referring to. Rover argues that womens work as nurses both on the front line and in hospitals working alongside the Red Cross, was the primary reason for the enfranchisement of women. She believes this because she believes it caused public opinion of women to change and caused a crossing over between the spheres of men and women. Rover agrees with Bartleys argument that working class women had always worked as public transport operators, in factories and as night wardens therefore this was not the cause for change. Marwick, however, agrees with the traditional view that womens work as public transport operators and so forth gained women the vote. He argues that the war was in fact a catalyst in the enfranchisement of women and not only gained them the vote but allowed the social liberation of women, allowing them to wear shorter skirts, to smoke and to go to pubs. Pugh disputes this by arguing that the war delayed the enfranchisement of women as he argues that in 1914 Asquith was already being swayed by the suffrage workers campaigning and the meeting with the working class women on 14th August arranged my Sylvia Pankhurst. Bartley argues that the enfranchisement of women in truth had little to do with womens contributions to the workforce or the war effort during world war one. Instead she argues that it was the necessary rearrangement of the whole electoral system that was the cause. The electoral system was determined to be unfair due to the six month permanent residency clause that required a home owning man to have lived at his property for at least six months in order to be eligible to vote. This clause meant that young men who had been fighting overseas during the war for more than six months did not meet this requirement and were disenfranchised. This caused public outrage and was seen to be completely unacceptable that young men were deemed ineligible to vote for the government of the country they had risked their lives fighting to protect. Bartley argues that due to the unjustness of this, the whole electoral system had to be rethought and this included womens rights. Although the war and wome ns efforts during the war were a significant factor in gaining the vote for women, the campaigning of the suffragists has been argued to have been of more significance. The National Union of womens suffrage societies or the NUWSS aka the Suffragists was an association composed of mainly middle class women who were well educated and brought up believing in equal rights for women. The reason there were very few working class women in the NUWSS was because they were generally not supported by their husbands as working class men believed that women should remain below them and did not believe in equal rights. The leader of the NUWSS was Millicent Fawcett; a middle class woman, married to a lawyer and was brought up believing in equal rights. Millicent Fawcett and the NUWSS employed peaceful tactics such as holding peaceful protests in the form of marches and wrote newspaper articles in order to campaign for womens rights. There has been much dispute as to whether the peaceful tactics of the suffragist workers had much effect in the campaign for the vote. However, Pugh argues that the achievements of the suffragists has been overlooked and that they did in fact achieve a considerable amount. In 1904 anti suffragist MPs ignored the womens vote bill by placing complete focus on the rear headlights bill. However, by 1908 pro suffragist MPs were in the majority and views towards womens rights were changing. This changing attitude towards women can be seen through the conciliation bills and primarily the first bill The Parliamentary Franchise (women) bill 1910. This bill was a proposal to enfranchise one million wealthy women and it managed to pass its second reading in the commons with a majority of one hundred votes. Unfortunately for the suffrage campaign, Asquith, the leader of the liberal party, who was anti suffrage, suspended parliament in order to call a general election which mean that the third reading of the bill never took place. This showed that there was much less widespread opposition towards womens rights. The third and final proposal failed due to opposition from the pro suffrage MPs who rejected it because they felt that it wasnt going far enough as it was only enfranchising wealthy women. Some liberal MPs rejected the bill because they believed that these wealthy women would vote conservative. The few Irish MPs rejected the bill in spite because they felt the questio n of Irish independence was being overlooked in favour of this. Holton argues that the political alliances being formed at this point before the outbreak of world war one by the democratic suffragists ensured that women would have to be included in any future reform bill. Other historians argue that the suffragists peaceful tactics had little effect and that it was the more militant suffragettes that brought about the enfranchisement of women. Due to the slow progress of the suffragists, a new group formed in 1903 out of this called the Womens Social Political union or the WSPU aka the Suffragettes. The WSPU was led by Emiline Pankhurst, another middle class, very well educated women also married to a lawyer who supported equal rights. The WSPU employed non peaceful tactics in order to accelerate the campaign for womens rights. They used tactics such as blowing up post-boxes, which was a direct target to the King as it was the Royal Mail, they chained themselves to fences, they blew up stations, such as Leuchars, museums and churches. In 1914 Mary Richardson, an active member of the suffragettes, slashed the Velà ¡zquez painting as an act of protest against the exploitation of women. In 1913, Emily Davidson was killed when she threw herself under th e Kings horse at a derby in order to gain attention for the womens suffrage campaign. In 1907 the suffragettes were split again into the Womens Freedom League which meant that leadership was fragmented and the campaign was weakened. However, in 1909 the Womans Tax Resistance was formed by the suffragettes which worked to encourage women to avoid paying taxes. The suffragettes had set up a national support base for women which employed 75 paid workers and published its own newspaper with 20,000 copies being published per week. This was effective in gaining support for women, but this positive support has been argued to have been cancelled out by some of the movements carried out by the WSPU which were considered to be too violent. In order to tackle the extremity of the campaign tactics used, such as hunger strikes, the police would force feed the strikers. This was a complete abuse of free will and was very painful and caused the deaths of some strikers. Pugh argues that the militant acts of the suffragettes did more harm than good in the enfranchisement of women, however other historians have argued that the extreme acts of the suffragettes brought womens rights to the forefront of Britain and gained mass publicity. Alternatively, historians argue that the work of Sylvia Pankhurst, who was made to leave the WSPU due to her work with working class women was fairly significant in gaining the vote for women. Sylvia worked with the East London Federation of WSPU and had close association with the Labour Party rather than the Liberals as both the suffragettes and the suffragists had traditionally supported. Sylvia not only campaigned for the vote for women, but also for wider womens welfare such as the right to abortion. Sylvia is most recognised for her organising of the meeting between the working class women and Asquith which has been argued to have been one of the contributing factors towards the cause for womens enfranchisement. In conclusion, the war, not solely womens contributions towards the workforce and the war effort, was the main reason to why women gained the vote in 1918. However, the campaigning of the suffragists and the suffragettes were certainly significant in the cause for the enfranchisement of women as they began the fight for the vote but unfortunately became less significant by the beginning of world war one.